Introduction There are several types of gram-positive bacteria, such as Bacillus, Clostridium, and Sporosarcina (rods and cocci, respectively), that can make an endospore, which is a hard, dormant structure. Also read: Bacterial Morphology: size, shape, and arrangements Endospores form inside…
What is electron microscope? An electron microscope is used to examine objects that are smaller than about 0.2 µm, like viruses or the insides of cells. Instead of light, electrons are used in electron microscopy. Free electrons move in waves,…
Introduction Microbiologists use many different types of microscopes to do their work. The most common ones are bright-field, dark-field, phase-contrast, and fluorescence microscopes. Magnification in a microscope depends on the kinds of lenses it has and how many of them…
What is Microscopy? Microscopy is a field of science involving microscopes to look at things and parts of things that the human eye cannot see. It includes looking at things and parts of things that cannot be seen with the…
Introduction Scientists Robert Koch studied Bacillus Anthracis, the bacterium that causes anthrax. He discovered that the bacteria formed spores and were able to survive for very long periods and in many different environments. Anthrax…
Viruses are the smallest living creatures on the earth which is just a particle outside the host and deadly pathogens inside the host, nowadays the most crucial topic due its infection and damage to public health and the economy. Virus…
Introduction Culture media is the substance that allows the bacteria to grow and increase in number to form a patch called a colony. It is a fundamental need to identify the bacterial specie. So Culture media preparation is an essential…